GLOSSARY
Of obsolete words, or words used in an obsolete sense
| Behaviour |
|
| To renounce or repudiate |
|
| To set abroach = to start something one cannot or will not stop |
|
| Acceptance |
|
| Burdened |
|
| Accompt |
Account |
| Accustomably |
Normally |
| Acolytes |
|
| Bound by oath or obligation |
|
| To bind under penalty of an oath |
|
| Admiration |
Astonishment |
| To warn or advise |
|
| Formal notification or warning |
|
| Advocation |
Praying to the saints |
| Advouterer |
Adulterer |
| Advoutry |
Adultery |
| Advowson |
The right of appointment to a benefice |
| A disposition or emotional attitude towards something |
|
| Affiance |
Trust |
| Affray |
To frighten |
| A blow struck unexpectedly at an opponent who had thought the fight was over. |
|
| Withstand, defeat |
|
| To acknowledge |
|
| An alehouse sign |
|
| Argument |
|
| Allege |
To cite in argument |
| Alligation |
Attachment |
| Germany |
|
| Almose |
Alms |
| Almous |
Of or relating to almsgiving or charity |
| Roundabout or deceitfully ambiguous speech; legal technicalities |
|
| Ambassade |
Ambassadorship |
| To fine or tax heavily |
|
| A shawl of white linen, part of a priest's vestments |
|
| To embrace |
|
| Enlarged or extended |
|
| Relating to; as anences = as regards |
|
| The income of a diocese or benefice for the first year of a new appointee's tenure, which was given to the Pope. |
|
| Annoiling |
Anointing with sacred oil |
| A right of preference or precedence |
|
| Openly |
|
| The pope |
|
| Apostule |
A marginal comment or footnote |
| To damage or weaken |
|
| Appellatores |
One who makes a false accusation for a reward |
| Applausion |
Applause, mass shouting or cheering |
| Appliable to their beck |
Ready to obey them |
| Appone |
To make use of |
| Appose |
To interrogate or question in court |
| Raised up |
|
| To gather and prepare an army |
|
| Said, mentioned |
|
| Summoned |
|
| Formally tasting food before giving it to a king or other important person |
|
| Assize |
To impose or assess a tax; or, to set the price of a staple foodstuff etc. |
| Assoil |
To pardon, absolve |
| Assuage |
To reduce |
| Astonished |
|
| Astonyings |
Astonishment, confusion |
| Forfeiture of all property rights, which was a penalty for treason or felony; |
|
| Attemperate |
To adapt |
| Audience |
|
| St. Augustine of Hippo |
|
| Altar |
|
| 1. To depart |
|
| Avouch |
To declare publicly |
| Avowe |
Vow |
| A storehouse |
|
| Against |
|
| Bailiff, steward |
|
| Ballads |
|
| Agreement, contract |
|
| Ban-dog |
A big savage dog |
| A cymbal |
|
| Bassa |
A Turkish general or pasha |
| Debate, strife |
|
| Battledore |
A flat wooden club used to beat cloth when washing it |
| A person employed or appointed to pray for others |
|
| Bead-roll |
A long list of names |
| Bearing sheet |
A winding-sheet or shroud in which a corpse is wrapped for burial |
| Bearward |
A keeper or trainer of performing bears |
| Call |
|
| A madman |
|
| A mallet |
|
| Beetle-brow |
A person with shaggy eyebrows, a low sullen scoundrel |
| In wily beguily = trying to be clever but only succeeding in deceiving oneself; being "too clever by half" |
|
| Decorated with hanging tapestries etc. |
|
| Behewed |
Hacked with an axe |
| Behight |
Gave, given |
| Gluttony |
|
| Bel-wether |
The best sheep in a flock |
| Are |
|
| Benemen, Benomin |
Deprive, take away from |
| Beset |
|
| Are, is |
|
| To betray |
|
| A weapon resembling a pike, with a spear blade, and a hook sharpened on the inside of the curve. |
|
| Original sin; in Christian theology an inherent inclination to sinfulness which is part of human nature |
|
| A bishop who ill-treats his flock |
|
| To proclaim or declare |
|
| Disconcerted |
|
| Believe |
|
| Beaten |
|
| To sift |
|
| Good fortune, benefit |
|
| Bonhomme |
One of an order or begging friars |
| A parish constable |
|
| A sermon learned by heart and recited |
|
| To thump |
|
| Quarrelling, |
|
| Brable |
To quarrel loudly |
| Brary |
One who brays or talks nonsense |
| Brast |
Burst |
| Burn |
|
| Brennen |
Burn |
| Brent |
Burnt |
| To steal |
|
| Brickle |
Fragile, brittle |
| Brim |
Brightly shining |
| Bristow |
Bristol |
| A noise or rumour. Bruited abroad = rumoured |
|
| Brunt |
A blow |
| A shield |
|
| Buckling |
Struggling with |
| A ghost, monster or other terrifying thing |
|
| A beam, baulk of timber |
|
| An ambush |
|
| Buskle |
To work busily, bustle about |
| An archery range; a target |
|
| Obedient |
|
| Buxumnesse |
Obedience |
| Legal quibbling or trickery |
|
| Build |
|
| Promised |
|
| Deprive, take away from |
|
| A miserable person |
|
| A benefice which involves serving God by warfare |
|
| In canicular days: dog-days, early August |
|
| Canivise |
Apparently a nonce-word invented by Foxe; presumably "To make into a dog" |
| Canning |
Ability |
| Canning |
Memorizing |
| Canvassed |
Beaten, knocked about, defeated |
| Believing in the Catholic doctrine of transubstantiation; Capernaites = those who believe it |
|
| Capper |
A cap-maker |
| A low churl or villain |
|
| A chasuble |
|
| Contemptuous word for a debt- or tax-collector |
|
| Cater-cousin |
A very close friend |
| Caterpillar |
A robber or extortionist |
| A quibble or reservation |
|
| Legal quibbles or trickery |
|
| Blindness, poor eyesight |
|
| High rank, majesty; your celsitude = your highness |
|
| To bless with incense |
|
| Certainly |
|
| A fit of temper; fury |
|
| Chaffare |
Merchandise |
| Chambering |
Sexual sin, lewdness |
| Channel |
Gutter |
| Chantry-masses |
Masses performed daily or at set intervals as one of the conditions of a legacy or endowment |
| Chap-men |
Merchants |
| Chaps |
Fissures |
| Chargeous |
Dependent upon |
| Chart |
A charter or official decree. |
| Flattering words |
|
| Cheer |
Facial expression |
| Chequer |
In chequer matters: Lawsuits relating to the collection of royal revenue |
| Chesille |
A chasuble |
| A loose gown with red sleeves, worn by a bishop |
|
| Chisil |
A chasuble |
| A sacred anointing |
|
| Chrisoms |
Chrism, a holy oil used for anointing |
| The zero in the Arabic numerals |
|
| Capable of being measured; subject to limits of size or space |
|
| A lawyer specialising in civil law. |
|
| To botch together |
|
| Clanculary |
Secret |
| To clean, absolve |
|
| Clepe |
Call |
| A monk or nun who stays in a monastery or convent; opposed to a friar, who wanders around begging. |
|
| Closter |
An enclosure |
| Clout |
N) A cloth or wrapping |
| To coerce |
|
| Coactive |
Coercive |
| Coadjutor |
An assistant |
| Coast |
To attack |
| Coat card |
A court or picture card in a pack of playing cards |
| To set cock in the hoop = to act boastfully or presumptuously |
|
| A weed of corn fields (Lychnis githago) |
|
| To foist or publish a forged document |
|
| To embrace, cuddle |
|
| Collar |
To wrestle |
| Of equal rank; one of the joint holders of an office |
|
| Collation |
1) Appointment of a clergyman to a benefice |
| Collect |
A prayer said before the Epistle reading in the Mass |
| Colleginer |
A fellow of a college |
| Collyrium |
Eye-salve |
| Comforting |
|
| Commencement |
A conference |
| Commendations |
Prayers for the dead |
| Comminatory |
1) Threatening punishment or revenge |
| Commissary |
The appointed deputy of a bishop |
| Commixion |
Mingling, mixing together; in the Mass, the act of putting a small part of the host into the wine. |
| Commodity |
Advantage |
| Commonly |
A public meeting |
| Commorant |
Officially resident |
| Communed |
Discussed |
| Associated with |
|
| Compline |
A church service held in the evening |
| Compter |
A lock-up |
| To study |
|
| Con-captives |
Fellow-prisoners |
| Concion |
A public speech |
| Concomitation |
Consubstantiation, i.e. the co-existence of bread and wine, and the body and blood of Christ, in the Eucharist |
| Concupiscence |
Overpowering desire (not necessarily sexual) |
| Concupiscentious |
Lustful, unchaste |
| Confer |
To compare |
| Confute |
To prove wrong |
| Congrue, Congruent |
Appropriate, suitable |
| Conject |
To conjecture or suppose |
| Conjunction adversative |
A phrase (beginning with e.g. but or however) qualifying or contradicting the one before |
| Conning |
Wisdom |
| Consistory |
A court presided over by a bishop, for trying religious or ecclesiastical cases |
| Conspurcate |
Filthy, defiled |
| Constitute proctors |
To appoint lawyers to represent oneself in court |
| Contemn |
To despise |
| Contentation |
Contentment, satisfaction |
| Continue |
Contents |
| Control |
To contradict or object to some statement |
| Contumacy |
Contemptuous refusal to obey |
| Contumelious |
Degrading or insulting |
| Contumely, Contumelies |
Insults |
| Convent |
(V) To summon before a court |
| Conventicle |
A clandestine or illegal religious meeting |
| 1) A long silken cloak worn as an ecclesiastical vestment |
|
| Copulative |
Forming a connected whole |
| A greedy or rapacious person |
|
| Cornleader |
A carter of grain |
| Corporace, corporas |
A cloth laid on the altar on which the chalice and paten are placed |
| Corporal |
N) A cloth on which consecrated hosts are laid or which is used to wrap them |
| Breast |
|
| Covetousness |
|
| Courser |
A war-horse |
| Courtesan |
A member of the Papal Curia |
| Cousin-germain |
A first cousin |
| Cousin-german |
A first cousin |
| Covetousness |
|
| A very large book, which can only be read on a table or lectern |
|
| A blowhard or boaster |
|
| Cramp-ring |
A ring blessed by the King on Good Friday, believed to be a protection against cramps, fits etc. |
| Criminal; relating to crime |
|
| Marked with a cross; having take the cross as a crusader |
|
| Croisy |
To bestow the cross upon someone, i.e. to declare him a crusader |
| Croysies |
Crusaders |
| Cruelty |
|
| Cologne, in Germany |
|
| Burden |
|
| Customary or habitual |
|
| A pistol |
|
| Damaged or injured |
|
| Damp |
A state of stupefaction |
| A coward |
|
| Originally, a letter written by a Pope in response to a query; later, any papal decree or document |
|
| 1) To declare or describe |
|
| To abash |
|
| The formal public defence of his dissertation by a candidate for a university degree |
|
| To advise or exhort against something |
|
| To throw down. Deject oneself = humble oneself |
|
| Denounced to the authorities, informed against |
|
| Judge |
|
| Demi-lance |
A short-shafted lance |
| Demurrer |
In law, a plea that the facts alleged do not amount to a tort or crime; loosely, any legal objection |
| A naturalized citizen |
|
| To despatch a messenger |
|
| Debtor |
|
| Detour |
Debtor |
| Deturbate |
To cast down or thrust out |
| Died |
|
| A watch |
|
| The act of a superior honouring or recognizing an inferior |
|
| A letter from a bishop recommending someone as fit for ordination or ecclesiastical office |
|
| To strike, beat |
|
| The matins of the Service for the dead, beginning Dirige, Domine, Deus meus, in conspectu tuo viam meam. |
|
| Dirt-dauber |
A plasterer esp. one who uses mud to make wattle-and-daub walls |
| Debate |
|
| Disgarnish |
To deprive of |
| Dishonest |
To defile |
| Disme |
A 10% tax or charge |
| Disparkle, disperkle |
To scatter or disperse |
| Dispensator |
One who dispenses or distributes goods |
| Disperkle |
To scatter, disperse |
| Disple |
To punish |
| Disseize |
To dispossess |
| Dissever |
To separate |
| Dissimule |
To deceive by hiding one's true feelings or intentions |
| Distain |
Dishonour |
| Distinction |
A division or section of a book or document |
| Many, several |
|
| A woman scholar |
|
| Judgement |
|
| Domesmen |
Judges |
| An honorary or temporary member of a religious order |
|
| Donative |
A benefice which can be bestowed by the founder or patron without reference to the bishop or abbot. |
| A dotty-headed person |
|
| Strongly |
|
| Spent brewing grains used as animal feed |
|
| Draught |
A privy (US: bathroom) |
| An incompetent thief |
|
| A kind of trumpet |
|
| A large basket or barrel for holding dry goods |
|
| Doubt |
|
| A state of bewilderment; In his dumps = reduced to silence |
|
| To plough |
|
| Earlich |
Early |
| Soon afterwards, immediately |
|
| Eyes |
|
| A diplomatic mission |
|
| Emblemish |
To damage or disfigure |
| Embull |
To seal |
| An ant |
|
| Government or dominion |
|
| To grant or bestow something; to be endued with = to have |
|
| Enduing |
Endowing |
| To destroy |
|
| To assign a fief of property or office to someone |
|
| To say that something is grievous |
|
| Hostile |
|
| Example |
|
| Ensue |
To follow |
| Assiduous in learning |
|
| Entitle |
To write down a properly edited version of something |
| To surround |
|
| An atheist |
|
| The prophet Isiah |
|
| Riches obtained by plunder |
|
| Eschew |
Renounce, reject |
| Escript |
A written decree or writ |
| Spy |
|
| Pagans |
|
| To nullify |
|
| Evangely, Evangelies |
The Gospels |
| The day before a feast day |
|
| Even-christened |
Fellow-Christians |
| Everichone |
Each one |
| A person under examination, either as witness or accused |
|
| Summarize |
|
| Excheat |
Confiscation of property, or encroachment on the privileges of another |
| Excoriate |
To flay |
| Asked |
|
| A pension or allowance of money |
|
| To remove an office or responsibility from someone |
|
| Exorable |
Capable of being moved by pity or prayer |
| To examine or test |
|
| Expugn |
To conquer or overcome |
| A papal decree not included in the standard list |
|
| A façade or sham |
|
| Fact |
Deed |
| A bundle of firewood |
|
| Broken or destroyed |
|
| A shrine |
|
| A bundle or parcel |
|
| Farmary |
An infirmary |
| Farmer |
A bailiff |
| Weariness, long drawn-out effort |
|
| Fatue |
A taboo word in Biblical times; "Whosoever shall say, Fatue, shall be in danger of hell fire." (Matt. 5. 23) |
| A patron, supporter or abettor |
|
| Filthiness |
|
| Many |
|
| In feoffer's hold: Literally, held as a feudal possession; metaphorically, as here, borrowed from someone else |
|
| Feoffment |
Under the feudal system, the action of assigning lands to someone; or, the legal right to the lands so assigned |
| A weekday |
|
| Fetched |
|
| Fetch |
(V) To steal by fraud or cunning |
| To symbolize |
|
| A house in which a fire is regularly lit (i.e. a dwelling-house) |
|
| Very wicked |
|
| Fled from |
|
| Fleer |
To sneer or mock |
| Flewet |
A blow |
| Flown |
|
| Rushed |
|
| A defeat |
|
| Foins |
Trimmings of marten fur |
| (A) Foolish |
|
| An ancestor |
|
| Foreface |
Preface |
| Forefact |
A criminal accusation |
| Forefend |
To prevent |
| Foreshield |
To prevent, avert |
| Foreslack |
To neglect |
| Forfend |
To prevent |
| Form |
A bench |
| Forward |
A contract or agreement |
| A maker of moulded metal objects |
|
| Foundment |
Basis, foundation |
| A basket |
|
| The wall of the refectory in a monastery |
|
| Fraught |
Filled with; (of a ship) fully laden. |
| Fray |
To frighten |
| Fray-bug |
An imaginary object of fear, bogey-man, etc. |
| Frail |
|
| Fretted |
1) Worn, rubbed |
| A dance step or caper |
|
| A dress in Dutch or German style |
|
| Baptised |
|
| Fullen |
To baptise |
| Fuller |
A person whose occupation is the cleaning and preparation of newly-woven cloth |
| Angry, irascible |
|
| Equipment |
|
| A coarse cloth of cotton and linen mixed |
|
| Fustigation |
Flogging |
| (V) To pledge |
|
| To oppose |
|
| The Monday before Ascension Thursday (which is forty days after Easter) |
|
| To gag at or be unable to swallow |
|
| To make something happen |
|
| Garboil |
Commotion, disturbance |
| Gardeviance |
A treasure chest, or collection of valuables |
| Garner |
A granary |
| Got |
|
| A worthless trinket |
|
| Gaude |
A public performance or display |
| Something people stare at |
|
| A whim or fit of passion |
|
| Spiritual, spiritually |
|
| Ghostly |
Spititual |
| If |
|
| Guile, dishonesty |
|
| Gilten |
To offend against |
| A mechanism |
|
| A weapon consisting of a short, broad blade fixed to a long handle |
|
| Glaverer |
A flattering deceiver |
| Glavering |
Flattering, deceiving |
| To smear with paint |
|
| Gleve |
The winning-post of a race |
| To explain, or more often distort, the meaning of a text |
|
| Glossary |
A commentary or explanation |
| Gloss-writer |
A writer of commentaries, or a spin-doctor |
| The relationship of God-parent and God-child |
|
| Set firmly, grafted |
|
| Gra-mercies |
Thank you very much |
| To find out someone's business or secrets by cunning |
|
| Groundsel |
A door-sill or threshold |
| To drag away |
|
| An office of the court of chancery, which collected fees for sealing and registration of documents |
|
| Handfast |
A firm grasp |
| Hand-fast |
To hold tightly |
| Hanger |
A short sword hung from the belt |
| Armour |
|
| A wooden framework carrying a large number of candles, hangings etc., borne over a coffin. |
|
| Them |
|
| Their |
|
| Heren |
Theirs |
| To worship |
|
| Commandment |
|
| Was named |
|
| A kind of falcon (Falco subbuteo) |
|
| Held |
|
| Holocaust |
A sacrifice where the entire animal is burnt (not just the inedible bits, as was more usual) |
| Holp, Holpen |
Helped |
| Holydeme |
Holiness |
| Friendly, familiar, over-familiar |
|
| To confer honour on something |
|
| A Brothel |
|
| Whores |
|
| Horsed up |
Pulled up on a man's back or a frame, to be whipped |
| Stockings |
|
| Hostelar |
The landlady of an inn |
| (N) The eucharist; (V) To administer the eucharist |
|
| Secret, secrecy |
|
| A blockhead |
|
| Literally: crouching or bowing low. Figuratively: with abject humility |
|
| Hold |
|
| An instance of dishonest exaggeration |
|
| Hypotyposis |
A vivid description of a scene |
| I |
|
| The thirteenth or fifteenth day of the month |
|
| Negligence or laziness |
|
| To jeer or mock |
|
| Helplessness |
|
| Imbrued |
Stained with blood |
| Adoption as a heir |
|
| Insertion |
|
| A child |
|
| Importable |
Unbearable |
| Imposthume |
An abscess |
| Impotent |
Enfeebled |
| Impropriate |
Assigned |
| Unfitness, disqualification |
|
| Full of anger |
|
| Incommodity |
Disadvantage |
| Incontinency |
Lechery |
| Incontinent, Incontinently |
Immediately |
| To make a formal promise or contract |
|
| Indiction |
A period of fifteen years |
| Indifferency |
Impartiality |
| Indurate |
Hardened, stubborn or callous |
| Induration |
Hardening |
| To slip in edgeways |
|
| To make infamous |
|
| Infect |
Imperfect |
| Infeoff |
To assign a fief of property or office to someone |
| Infer |
To state or bring forward as an argument |
| Infestine |
Troublesome, annoying |
| Giving life to |
|
| Instant |
Insistent |
| Instantly |
Insistently |
| An interdict, i.e. a punishment laid by the church on a town etc., prohibiting any church service from being held there |
|
| Intermit |
To interrupt |
| Interrogatory |
A question formally put to a witness. |
| Interturb |
To disturb or interrupt |
| Intestine |
Internal |
| To attack |
|
| A prayer or verse of the Bible recited at the beginning of a church service |
|
| Involve |
|
| The prophet Isiah |
|
| A jacket with metal plates or chain-mail sewn to it |
|
| A privy (U.S: bathroom) |
|
| A story-teller |
|
| A low scoundrel |
|
| Duress, punishment |
|
| A lay magistrate or alderman, A sworn witness |
|
| The first day of the month |
|
| To satisfy hunger or thirst |
|
| A piece of wood tied to a key |
|
| A small or trifling article |
|
| Knapskal |
A kind of helmet |
| The rosary, usually the full 15 decades |
|
| A renegade or fugitive |
|
| Lanthorn |
A lantern |
| Wrapped, clothed |
|
| Brass or bronze |
|
| Praise |
|
| Ceremonial washings which were part of a royal levée |
|
| A cesspit |
|
| Lend |
|
| Leasing |
Lying |
| A reading |
|
| Believe |
|
| Leefull |
Lawful |
| Leese |
To surrender or be deprived of |
| Leet |
A court held by the lord of a manor to try minor offences and disputes between tenants |
| Leeue |
A leeue Lord = O Lord in whom we believe |
| Lawful |
|
| Of or relating to a Papal legate |
|
| Legerdemain |
Trickery |
| A lover |
|
| Leaper |
|
| Pasture |
|
| Lesing |
(A) False (V) Lying |
| Lesser Britain |
Brittany |
| To hinder or prevent (also past tense and noun) |
|
| Letter reverential |
A letter from a bishop recommending someone as fit for ordination or ecclesiastical office |
| Faith or confidence |
|
| Ignorant or futile |
|
| A leopard |
|
| Libel |
A document or certificate |
| In Roman times, an official who attended a magistrate and carried out his orders to arrest, flog, execute etc. malefactors |
|
| To tell outrageous lies |
|
| Lieger |
The holder of a feudal lordship or office |
| Lieutenant-criminal |
A chief of police |
| Livelihood |
|
| Lie |
|
| Likely |
|
| Limbo, in Catholic theology a state without either the torments of Hell or the bliss of Heaven, occupied by the souls of unbaptized children |
|
| Limiting |
Begging |
| Limitour |
A begging friar |
| 1. A strip of cloth |
|
| Brittany |
|
| Little Ease |
A prison cell too small to sit, stand or lie down in. Confinement in one was a form of torture. |
| Livelihood |
|
| A handful of hay or straw; by extension a quantity of anything (OED); in modern Irish slang, a large quantity; which seems to be closer to the meaning here. |
|
| A low scoundrel |
|
| Ritual washing |
|
| The Sunday after Easter |
|
| Gained, profited |
|
| Powerful desire – not necessarily sexual |
|
| Telling outrageous lies |
|
| To mash or chop up |
|
| 1) A surety or guarantor |
|
| A trouble-maker |
|
| Makebate |
A lie designed to stir up trouble for someone |
| Insolent |
|
| Mall |
A heavy hammer |
| A state of doubt or perpelexity |
|
| Fine white bread |
|
| Manducation |
Nourishment; usually spiritual, via the Eucharist |
| Maniple |
1) A troop of soldiers |
| Manqueller |
A murderer |
| Mansuetude |
Gentleness |
| Hebrew name of a false god mentioned in Dan. xi 38. |
|
| A tax paid by a vassal to his lord on the marriage of his (i.e. the vassal's) daughter |
|
| Mark |
Silver, or unspecified: Thirteen shillings and fourpence in money |
| Market-stead |
Market-place |
| Marmoset |
A grotesque painting or statue |
| Series of three hundred masses |
|
| Despite |
|
| Maumet, Mawmet |
An idol |
| Maundement |
Commandment |
| Maundy |
The Last Supper |
| Idolatry |
|
| Confusion |
|
| An effeminate weakling |
|
| Any valuable item or reward |
|
| Meet |
Suitable |
| Household |
|
| Mainz |
|
| To fine |
|
| Mercement |
A fine or imposition |
| Mercery-ware |
Fine cotton, velvet or silk goods; the stock-in-trade of a mercer |
| Mere |
Pure, complete or unmixed |
| Merilich |
Merrily |
| Mete done = should do |
|
| Great |
|
| Milan, in Italy |
|
| To diminish |
|
| Ministratoriously |
In the capacity of an administrator. |
| To distort the meaning of something in support of an argument |
|
| Miser |
A wretch |
| Misprision |
Under an Act of Parliament of 1534, misprision was the crime of refusing to swear an oath acknowledging the King as head of the church |
| More |
|
| To admonish or warn |
|
| Monition |
Instruction, warning |
| Monitory |
Containing a warning or admonishment |
| A Mass said first thing in the morning |
|
| 1) May |
|
| May |
|
| A young mule |
|
| A long-established but false belief, an old but mistaken custom (opposed to sumpsimus) |
|
| A document proving ownership or entitlement to something |
|
| Munition |
A fortification |
| A purplish-red colour |
|
| Great |
|
| Especially |
|
| An aromatic oil extracted from the spikenard plant (Nardostachys grandiflora) |
|
| Watercress (the flower now called nasturtium was not known in England in Foxe's time) |
|
| Wicked |
|
| Navarre |
|
| No, not, nor, neither |
|
| A cow-herd |
|
| Will not |
|
| To take |
|
| Destruction |
|
| A) Silly. |
|
| Nipped a great number so near = squeezed many people so painfully |
|
| Harmful |
|
| Will not |
|
| The 7th of March, May, July, or October; the 5th of any other month. |
|
| A mark or characteristic |
|
| Nother |
Neither |
| To train or educate |
|
| Annoying, troublesome |
|
| Nourished, brought up |
|
| Literally, an offering, which can signify: |
|
| Oblocutor |
One who contradicts or abuses someone |
| Formal sealing or approval of a contract or other such document |
|
| Calling on God to witness that what you say is true |
|
| Obtrectation |
Abuse, calumny |
| Happening |
|
| Something which leads or causes a person to commit sin |
|
| Offension |
Injury or damage |
| To lay an obligation on someone |
|
| Onyx |
|
| 1) Infamy, shame |
|
| Oppugn |
To fight against |
| A book of rules and regulations |
|
| Ordinary |
The ecclesiastical chief of an area i.e. the Parish priest in a parish, the bishop in a diocese, etc. |
| Personal adornment, fine clothing, jewellery etc. |
|
| A wondrous event or miracle |
|
| A gold or jewelled brooch or buckle |
|
| Foreign |
|
| Out-scape |
A way of escape |
| Crosswise, either literally or figuratively |
|
| A table or stall for selling oysters – used contemptuously for a communion table because it was the same shape |
|
| A scoundrel |
|
| Paction |
An alliance |
| A canton of Switzerland |
|
| Painstaking |
|
| Pair |
To impair or harm |
| A small horse |
|
| Pall |
A kind of scarf or stole worn by a bishop; used figuratively to mean the office of bishop. |
| Palsgrave |
A Count Palatine, i.e. a ruler who has been granted full powers in his fief by the Holy Roman Emperor |
| A pagan or other non-Christian |
|
| Pantofle |
Expensive, highly decorated slippers; Stood upon their pantofles = Stood on their dignity |
| Alternative name for the two books of Chronicles, in the Bible (in some editions, called the third & fourth books of Kings) |
|
| Parcel |
A part |
| Parochian |
A parish priest |
| Partlet |
An article of clothing worn about the neck or upper chest; a bib or dickey. |
| Passover feast |
|
| Pash |
To smash |
| Pasquil |
A satire or lampoon |
| a) A fool b) A botch, shoddy work, distortion |
|
| Patin, patine, paten |
A dish on which the communion bread is placed |
| Pattens |
Wooden overshoes |
| To cut open the belly |
|
| A pagan or Muslim |
|
| 1)Worthless baubles |
|
| Pelt |
To address with insults or reproaches |
| 1) A penitent |
|
| Penner |
A case for holding writing pens |
| Perhaps |
|
| Perdurable |
Long-lasting |
| Peregrine |
A pilgrim |
| Perfitlich |
Perfectly |
| Perk |
To behave presumptuously |
| Permixt |
Unified |
| Perpend |
To consider |
| Person |
A parson |
| Hypocritical displays of virtue |
|
| Poitou, in France |
|
| A toll barrier |
|
| A coat made of animal skins or coarsely tanned leather |
|
| Pill |
To rob, pillage |
| Pilled |
Tonsured i.e. having the top of the head shaved |
| The rack or similar instrument of torture |
|
| Pin-fold |
A pound for stray animals |
| A small box in which consecrated hosts are carried about. |
|
| An official document or proclamation |
|
| Plaice-mouth |
A pursing of the lips |
| Plat |
A plough |
| Complete |
|
| Plete |
To argue one's case |
| A lead ball on a cord |
|
| Plumps |
A compact group of people |
| A maker of laces for fastening clothes |
|
| Points |
Laces for fastening clothes |
| Poising |
Weighing |
| To extort money from |
|
| Polling |
Shaving the top of the head |
| The robes of a bishop or cardinal |
|
| The corn-cockle (Lychnis githago), a weed of wheat fields |
|
| A pig |
|
| Port |
Appearance |
| Porthose |
To canonize as a saint |
| Portues |
A breviary or book of liturgy |
| Portuous |
(Of a saint) Included in the standard breviary or calendar |
| A question or proposal |
|
| Post |
A post-rider i.e. a man who carried letters from one post station to the next |
| Postcommon |
The postcommunion, a prayer of thanksgiving said near the end of the mass, after the communion |
| Postil |
A note or comment on a document |
| A ruler, potentate |
|
| Of a metal object, decorated by embossing or engraving |
|
| The crime in English law of appealing to, or acknowledging, a power outside England (usually the Papacy) in defiance of the monarch. |
|
| Wickedness |
|
| The revenue of a specific plot of land belonging to an ecclesiastical foundation; a prebendary was the priest to which a prebend was allocated or prebendated |
|
| Prefe |
Proof |
| Pregnancy |
Fullness |
| Premonish |
To speak of beforehand, to warn |
| Prepense |
Inclined towards |
| Prescript |
A written command |
| Prest money |
Money given to a recruit on enlistment; "the King's shilling" |
| Presul |
A prelate or bishop |
| Pretensed |
Pretended, falsely claimed |
| Pretermit |
To leave out, omit |
| Preue, preve |
Proof |
| To shoot an arrow |
|
| Vocal music in more than one part or with an accompaniment |
|
| Primer and accidence |
The elements of reading and writing |
| Priuilich |
Privately |
| Privation |
Deprivation, removal from office |
| Privily |
Secretly |
| Privy |
1) Secret |
| Plausibly, convincingly |
|
| Probation |
Conclusive argument, proof |
| Problem |
To keep a problem = to discuss an academic proposition |
| Proclive |
Inclined towards |
| Prodition |
Treachery |
| Proem |
A prologue or introduction |
| Profect |
Profit |
| Professor |
One who proclaims his faith in the true religion |
| Prolation |
A phrase or sentence spoken continuously, without a pause |
| Prolix |
Long-winded |
| Proll |
To prowl or rob |
| Prolocutor |
1) a spokesman |
| Promoter |
An informer or unofficial prosecutor |
| Prompt |
Prompt with = armed with, and very ready to use |
| Proper |
Special, particular |
| Propone |
To propose |
| Proprietary |
The holder of an ecclesiastical benefice |
| Prorogations |
Postponements |
| Prorogue |
To postpone |
| Proscript |
Proscribed |
| Prosopopœia |
An orator's trick of speaking as if in the voice or person of someone else |
| Protonotary |
A senior papal clerk or envoy |
| Prototypon |
The first or original version of a document etc. |
| Prove |
To test |
| Provisor |
A person holding the right to be appointed to an office or benefice when it becomes vacant |
| Provoke |
To invite |
| Writer of Psalms; a title of King David of Israel and Judah |
|
| Power |
|
| Puissant |
Powerful |
| To peck |
|
| To persecute |
|
| Pursuivant |
A messenger or agent |
| A quadrangle or courtyard |
|
| Quail |
To quell, suppress |
| Quarrel |
A cross-bow arrow |
| To dispute or demur |
|
| Quest |
A court or commission of enquiry |
| Questionary |
At the University of Cambridge, an undergraduate in his final term |
| Questmen |
Members of a commission of enquiry |
| Alive, living |
|
| Quier |
A book |
| Quindecim |
A fifteenth part |
| Quire |
1) A choir |
| Former, formerly |
|
| A Jewish Rabbi; used contemptuously to refer to other religious leaders |
|
| An offensive word in Biblical times; "Whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council:" (Matt. 5. 22) |
|
| At random |
|
| To plunder or destroy |
|
| A measure |
|
| Rashful |
Rash |
| To scold, abuse verbally |
|
| Ratle |
To scold, abuse |
| Quick-witted and eloquent |
|
| Reave |
To rob |
| A harbourer of criminals |
|
| Recluse |
A prison cell |
| Recordative |
Commemorative |
| Recule |
To retreat |
| Recure |
To restore to health |
| Recusation |
An appeal based on the alleged partiality of a judge |
| Recuse |
To reject someone's authority to do something |
| Advise |
|
| Disprove |
|
| Refocillation |
Revival, refreshment |
| Refract, Refractorious |
Stubborn |
| Refuse |
To reject |
| Rule |
|
| Register |
A keeper of records, registrar. |
| Repeat, repeated |
|
| To return to one's original beliefs |
|
| Stages in the arguing of a case before a court i.e. |
|
| Repugn |
To oppose, fight against |
| Strictly, the decision of the Roman emperor on a case referred to him by a governor or judge; more loosely, any formal written command by a person in authority |
|
| Residentiary |
The canons of a cathedral |
| Resperse |
To accuse |
| Reck, care themselves with |
|
| Retract |
A military retreat |
| To don vestments for a religious ceremony |
|
| Revestry |
The vestry of a church |
| The River Rhône |
|
| A linen surplice |
|
| Rocker |
A child's nurse, who rocks the cradle |
| A crucifix |
|
| Chanting the litany of the saints during a procession |
|
| A crucifix |
|
| Rood-loft |
A loft gallery above and behind a rood-screen |
| Rood-screen |
A screen, usually richly decorated or carved, at the end of the nave of a church before the altar. |
| Room |
Place, position of authority |
| Rooten |
Dig up with the snout, like a pig in filth |
| Trimming the hair to the same length all the way around |
|
| Rouse |
To rest or sleep |
| To whisper |
|
| A state of excitement or pride |
|
| Ruffler |
A fine-clothed but useless fellow |
| Ruffling |
Showing off |
| A fugitive scoundrel or vagrant ruffian |
|
| Lord of Sabaoth = Lord of Hosts, a title of God |
|
| In Catholic practice, various things which resemble sacraments but are not one of the seven; as, the sign of the Cross; blessing of holy water etc. |
|
| Sacramentary |
One who holds "heretical" (i.e.not Catholic) views on the Eucharist |
| Sacring |
The consecration of the Mass |
| To assail |
|
| Repletion |
|
| The Book of Psalms |
|
| A fine cloth of silk and wool woven together |
|
| Injury, damage |
|
| Shall |
|
| A soldier sent out to see what the enemy is doing, a scout |
|
| Scutage |
A tax paid instead of military service |
| Eight bushels |
|
| Seek |
|
| Secluding |
Prohibiting |
| Say |
|
| Lordship or dominion; or the lands over which this is held |
|
| Sein |
Say |
| Seised |
Of land or property: assigned or granted to someone |
| Seizin-taking |
Taking possession of a token of ownership e.g. the keys of a house. |
| Certain |
|
| Similar, similarly |
|
| As a judicial sentence |
|
| Sententiary |
A person who has compiled a compendium of theological opinions. |
| A tomb |
|
| Confiscation of the income of a benefice |
|
| Angel-like, a title specifically given to St. Bonaventure (1221-1274) |
|
| Servage |
Bondage, serfdom |
| Separate or individual |
|
| Severally |
Separately or individually |
| A servant who lays the table, serves the meal etc. |
|
| See |
|
| Shed |
|
| Share-Thursday |
Holy, or Maundy Thursday – the Thursday before Easter |
| Shaveling |
A tonsured monk |
| Shawm |
A musical instrument resembling an oboe. |
| A cloth-shearer |
|
| Sheave |
To collect, gather up |
| Shent |
Ruined, destroyed |
| Shere-Thursday |
Maundy or Holy Thursday, i.e. the Thursday before Easter |
| Shew-bread |
Special loaves of bread which were placed on a table in the Temple of Jerusalem every Sabbath and eaten by the priests at the end of the week. See Exod. xxv. 30. |
| To shake vigorously |
|
| Shone |
Shoes |
| False and malicious |
|
| Shrift |
Absolution |
| Shriuing |
Confession |
| Shall |
|
| Shulne |
Shall |
| Seat |
|
| Innocent |
|
| A sewer or drain |
|
| Since |
|
| Sith that |
Provided that |
| Sithe |
Times |
| Sithen |
So that |
| Sithence |
Since |
| To be of importance |
|
| Encouraging others to sin by bad example |
|
| Slay |
|
| Slean |
Slay |
| Sleight |
Deceitful |
| Deceitful pratices |
|
| Baggy trousers |
|
| Slowen |
Slain |
| An emerald |
|
| Struck |
|
| A horse bridle |
|
| Snag |
To jeer at, nag, abuse |
| Snarled |
Strangled, or tortured with a twisted rope |
| To take snuff = to take offence |
|
| Boiled |
|
| The area within which a particular court or grand jury had authority |
|
| Sultan |
|
| Solicitor |
An agent or deputy |
| Solution |
An answer or explanation |
| A bailiff of an ecclesiastical court, who summons people to attend |
|
| A formally appointed deputy or representative |
|
| Soothfastness |
Constancy in holding to the truth |
| False or dishonest arguments |
|
| After the fashion of the Sorbonne, or University of Paris |
|
| A cobbler or shoemaker |
|
| To bolt down, fasten tightly |
|
| A particular point of argument |
|
| The clergy or hierarchy |
|
| The elbow-piece in a suit of armour |
|
| Adultery |
|
| Spoushod |
Marriage |
| A young man |
|
| To injure a horse by excessive use of spurs |
|
| Oozing of matter, fæces etc. from the body |
|
| Spurn |
Kick or trample underfoot |
| A, or the only, legally licensed market for wool for purchase by foreigners |
|
| Starting-hole |
Literally, a hole in which a hunted animal can hide; metaphorically, a loophole, or "get-out" |
| To place among the stars |
|
| Sternship |
Haughtiness |
| Went (the word is principally used to describe Christ's ascension into heaven) |
|
| The name of a market for meat and fish in the City of London |
|
| Stover |
Fodder, animal food |
| Strict, rigorous, narrow, closely confined. |
|
| Strumpet |
A whore |
| Obstinate |
|
| To serve |
|
| Suffragan |
An assistant or subordinate bishop |
| Suffrage |
1) An assistant |
| To say |
|
| Sugget |
A saying |
| Requirement |
|
| A bailiff of an ecclesiastical court, who summons people to attend |
|
| Sum-papal |
A summary of papal edicts on a particular topic |
| Sumpsimus |
A new but correct belief or custom (opposed to mumpsimus) |
| Sumpter |
A pack-horse |
| A slab of stone consecrated for use as an altar when placed on a table etc. |
|
| Superaltare |
The ritual of profession as a Benedictine monk |
| Supererogation |
In works of supererogation: in Catholic theology, the performance of good works beyond what God commands or requires; this builds up a store of grace which the Church can dispense in the form of indulgences etc. |
| Supposition |
An argument for a proposition |
| Supputation |
A system of calculation |
| Provision of food, drink and other necessities |
|
| A disease marked by high fever and copious sweating |
|
| A false vision or fake miracle |
|
| Liquid filth |
|
| Power or authority; in phrase To bear the swinge = to have power or authority |
|
| A church or abbey notorious for corrupt practices or false doctrines, blasphemy etc.; An assembly of false religion or blasphemy |
|
| Synecdoche |
A figure of speech where the part is taken for the whole, or vice versa |
| An arbitrary tax levied by special order |
|
| Tally for his own cates |
To obtain food and other necessities on credit |
| Delay |
|
| Attend with |
|
| Rash, reckless |
|
| Temporalty |
The laity |
| To treat with tenderness or affection |
|
| To clean a wound with a small roll of cloth |
|
| Tenths |
Tithes |
| Changing sides; denying what one has previously asserted or vice versa |
|
| Term probatory |
A period of time given to a litigant to prepare his case |
| Terrene |
Of the earth in the sense (1) as opposed to heavenly or (2) peasant-like, low-class |
| Tertian |
A fever recurring every third day |
| The Promised Land |
|
| A fulller, i.e. a person whose occupation is the cleaning and preparation of newly-woven cloth |
|
| Thilke |
This |
| Then |
|
| Thoore |
Unharmed |
| A slave |
|
| Thrasonical |
Boastful [like Thraso, a character in the play Eunuchus by the Roman playwright Terence] |
| Threnes of Jeremy |
The book of Lamentations, in the Old Testament |
| To bless with incense |
|
| Unstable, ready to fall at a touch ; Credulous, easily persuaded |
|
| Fastened his laces |
|
| A hood or hooded cloak |
|
| Tipstave |
A court usher or bailiff |
| Decimated (i.e. every tenth man killed) |
|
| Titiviller |
The name of a demon in a morality play; hence, a scoundrel |
| Tituled |
Named |
| To tell outrageous lies |
|
| Completely destroy |
|
| To-broken |
Destroyed, torn up |
| In front of |
|
| Money paid in tolls or taxes |
|
| A shaven patch on the top of the head |
|
| To card wool |
|
| A papal dispensation allowing the holder to have any number of benefices |
|
| Exceptional aptitude. |
|
| A trifle or bauble |
|
| Written discussion or discourse |
|
| Trade |
A way of life, moral attitude towards living |
| Train |
A deception or fraud |
| Transumpt |
(N) A transcript or formal copy of a record or decree |
| Trauel |
Labour |
| Travail |
1) Labour |
| Travell |
Suffering |
| Traverse |
A dispute or controversy |
| Travise |
A dispute or controversy |
| Wooden shoes, clogs |
|
| Trencher |
A wooden dish |
| Trental |
A series of thirty requiem masses |
| Well-chosen to deceive |
|
| Trindles |
A wax taper rolled into a coil |
| A figure of speech |
|
| Tropical |
Metaphorical |
| Trought |
Truth |
| Trow |
To believe |
| Protection, guardianship |
|
| Harmoniously |
|
| Tunned |
Got drunk with |
| A swelling of the abdomen caused by gas in the intestines or stomach. |
|
| Vicar, in the sense of appointed representative |
|
| Foolish |
|
| Unlawful |
|
| Unsuitable |
|
| Foolish, stupid |
|
| Unworshipped |
Disrespected |
| Lending or borrowing at (usually usurious) interest |
|
| The eighth day after the specified feast day |
|
| An extra payment or profit, a perk |
|
| Devastation, destruction |
|
| An outer fortification |
|
| The vanguard |
|
| Truly |
|
| Very |
True, truly |
| To regard, or treat, a person as being vile or worthless |
|
| Vility |
Vileness |
| An ornamental border of vine leaves in a manuscript |
|
| A mask or outward show |
|
| To spoil or wear out |
|
| A spoken word |
|
| To depart from |
|
| The members of a municipal band, employed by the city to play on public occasions |
|
| Welsh |
|
| An imprecation or curse |
|
| A lock; prison |
|
| Year, day and wast = "a prerogative whereby the sovereign was entitled to the profits for a year and a day of a tenement held by a person attainted of petty treason or felony, with the right of wasting the tenement" (OED) |
|
| Waster |
A wooden sword used for fencing practice |
| Grown up |
|
| The throat |
|
| A piece of woven cloth, as it comes from the loom |
|
| A cloak or costume |
|
| Ween |
Suppose, believe |
| Weet |
To know |
| Prosperity |
|
| 1) to know |
|
| A wheel-maker |
|
| Where-through |
Through which |
| A whirlpool |
|
| Whist |
To whisper |
| Whether he wanted or not |
|
| Will-works |
Works performed by the human will, without divine grace |
| Will-worship |
Worship of God in a form or way not authorised by Him (i.e. different from those of the speaker) |
| An auger or gimlet |
|
| 1) To know |
|
| Wist |
Knew |
| To know |
|
| Witty |
Sensible, intelligent |
| Would |
|
| Inhabitant |
|
| A short sword or large knife, used by huntsmen for disembowelling and cutting up game |
|
| Madness, violent anger |
|
| Woolward |
To go woolward = to wear coarse woollen cloth next the skin, as a penance or punishment |
| Know |
|
| Revenge |
|
| Wrakers |
Those who wreak vengeance |
| To work, do something |
|
| To distort |
|
| Thankfully |
|
| Bade |
|
| Born |
|
| I |
|
| A Mass said on the anniversary of someone's death |
|
| To give |
|
| A gift |
|
| Equally |
|
| Towards you |
|
| Evil |
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| Know |
|
| Thus; or as phrase zif all = although |